HRR - Task - Creating a Taxonomy of Variables Affecting Cognitive Aid via an Investigation of Hybrid Aids

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Creating a Taxonomy of Variables Affecting Cognitive Aid via an Investigation of Hybrid Aids (Completed)

Last Published: 04/20/22 11:43:24 AM (Central)

Task Book: Entry
Principal Investigator: McLaughlin, Anne

Short Title: Cognitive Aids

Responsible HRP Element: Human Factors and Behavioral Performance

Collaborating Org(s):

Funding Status: Completed - Task completed and produced a deliverable

Procurement Mechanism(s):

Solicited

Aims:

Through a literature review, two controlled experiments, and a validation study, the task examined the potential attributes of cognitive aids as they interact with task demands, time pressure, and number of team members. All studies were performed using a dual-task/interruption paradigm to better approximate the environments where cognitive aids are likely to be used. The hypothesis was that a taxonomy of cognitive aids for non-experts will need to contain differential information on aid design for number of operators, highly spatial versus highly verbal sub-tasks, highly visual versus highly auditory sub-tasks, and combinations thereof.
A product to come from these studies is a prototype of a hybrid aid for medical equipment maintenance tasks, while at the same time building a library of tools to create similar aids for other procedures. Second, we developed a taxonomy of cognitive aid design that considers the most important variables affecting performance with aids: user knowledge and experience, time pressure on performance, task criticality, and the number of operators expected to interact with the aid. Our Hybrid Aid toolkit (HAT) is a prototype of an innovative cognitive aid technology that is designed to support non-expert operators in complex tasks, while also offering tools to the procedure designers and the operators themselves as they perform the task.

Aims:

Complete a literature review of interactive cognitive aids
Determine Resource Demand Conflict between Sub-tasks and Cognitive Aid

a. How is performance affected by task-aid resource conflict?

b. How does aid design, in terms of resource conflict with the task, affect resumption of task after an interruption?
Examine the benefits to non-expert operator(s) of adaptively including more information at the operator’s request and including support tools helpful to the task within the aid, also accessed at the operator’s request.

a. How does adding more operators change use of the cognitive aid during a procedure?

b. Do aid attributes, such as specifically encouraging theory of mind between team members and inclusion of task-specific tools, offer benefits to task performance and subjective assessments of the aid?

The task will contribute to gap closure by providing design guidelines for interactive cognitive aids. These will be critical for autonomous long-duration crewmembers.

Resources (Other)

Deliverables (1)

Category: Risk Characterization, Quantification
Subcategory: Evidence or Risk Characterization

Description:

1. Literature Review on Interactive Cognitive Aids

2. Final report detailing results on Resource Demand Conflict between Sub-tasks and Cognitive Aid and Multiple Operators and Under Time Pressure

The report will contribute to guidelines for interactive cognitive aids that will contribute to the gap closure of human factors tools for long duration space flight.

Internal Customers:
None External Customers:
None

Mappings

Risk of Adverse Health Outcomes and Decrements in Performance Due to Medical Conditions that occur in Mission, as well as Long Term Health Outcomes Due to Mission Exposures

Medical-701: We need to increase inflight medical capabilities and identify new capabilities that (a) maximize benefit and/or (b) reduce “costs” on human system/mission/vehicle resources.

Creating a Taxonomy of Variables Affecting Cognitive Aid via an Investigation of Hybrid Aids

Risk of Adverse Outcomes Due to Inadequate Human Systems Integration Architecture

HSIA-201: We need to evaluate the demands of future exploration habitat/vehicle systems and mission scenarios (e.g. increased automation, multi-modal communication) on individuals and teams, and determine the risks these demands pose to crew health and performance.

HSIA-401: We need to determine how HSI can be applied in the vehicle/habitat and computer interface Design Phase to mitigate potential decrements in operationally-relevant performance (e.g. problem-solving, execution procedures), during increasingly earth-independent, future exploration missions (including in-mission and at landing).

HSIA-501: We need to determine how HSI will be used in the development of dynamic and adaptive mission procedures and processes, to mitigate individual and team performance decrements during increasingly earth-independent, future exploration missions (including in-mission and at landing).

HSIA-601: We need to determine individual and team-based Human System Integration (HSI) training procedures, regimens, and standards that are required pre- and in-mission, and post-landing to help reduce demands on crew (e.g., neurocognitive, time); support meaningful work during long-duration missions; and mitigate potential decrements in operationally-relevant performance (e.g., training retention, problem-solving, procedure execution) during increasingly earth-independent, future exploration missions.

HSIA-801: Given each crewmember will experience multiple spaceflight hazards (e.g. radiation, isolation and confinement, altered gravity), we need to evaluate and identify how HSI can further characterize and/or mitigate additive and/or synergistic effects of the spaceflight environment, for increasingly earth-independent, future exploration missions (including in-mission and at landing).

Creating a Taxonomy of Variables Affecting Cognitive Aid via an Investigation of Hybrid Aids

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Risk Approach Plans (2)

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Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Outcomes and Decrements in Performance Due to Medical Conditions that occur in Mission, as well as Long Term Health Outcomes Due to Mission Exposures
	Medical-701: We need to increase inflight medical capabilities and identify new capabilities that (a) maximize benefit and/or (b) reduce “costs” on human system/mission/vehicle resources.