HRR - Gap - HSIA-301: We need to determine the on-board, intelligent systems that will support crew health and performance, and we need to establish the thresholds that will define how these systems should be implemented (including in-mission and at landing).

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HSIA-301: We need to determine the on-board, intelligent systems that will support crew health and performance, and we need to establish the thresholds that will define how these systems should be implemented (including in-mission and at landing).

Content in this Gap was merged from 2 other Gaps

Last Published: 07/30/20 02:45:13 PM (Central)

Responsible Element: Human Factors and Behavioral Performance (HFBP)

Status: Open

Description

As key indicators and outcomes are evaluated via validated measures (HSIA-101), and the HSIA risk continues to be characterized, specific countermeasure approaches will be refined as well (HSIA-201). While the approach for mitigating risk for HSIA further involves identifying specific human-system countermeasures for crew health and performance, the ranges of performance which warrant a specific countermeasure, will also need to be established. The intent of this gap is to define those specific thresholds which require mitigation, and how the mitigation needs to be implemented.

Currently, HSIA does not have a complete, quantitative risk definition, including established critical thresholds or ranges, nor is there a description of the relative contribution of the contributing factors and how the human accommodation in the spaceflight environment compares to the human accommodation in terrestrial settings.

Continued research in analogs with high fidelity to exploration mission scenarios (e.g. communication delays, small habitable volume) will help to inform meaningful performance thresholds. Spaceflight research assessing crew performance relative to spaceflight stressors (e.g. altered gravity) and systems, will further the development and validation of thresholds for spaceflight induced changes on performance, and critical time points at which specific countermeasures need to be implemented.

Target for Closure

A complete, quantitative risk definition/standard model of HSIA performance (including NHV, vehicle layout and human computer interaction/designs), nor is there description of the relative contribution of the contributing factors and how spaceflight HSIA performance compares to terrestrial HSIA performance

Validated thresholds for spaceflight induced changes on cognitive & behavioral performance;
Guidelines for countermeasure implementation.

Mappings

Risk of Adverse Outcome Due to Inadequate Human Systems Integration Architecture

Active

HCAAM: Responsive multimodal human-automation communication for augmenting human situation awareness in nominal and off nominal scenarios

Task Book: Entry
Principal Investigator: Stirling, Leia

Short Title: Resp Multimodal for SA

Responsible HRP Element: Human Factors and Behavioral Performance

Collaborating Org(s):

Funding Status: Active - Currently funded and in progress

Procurement Mechanism(s):

Solicited

Aims:

This task is part of the Human Capabilities Assessments for Autonomous Missions (HCAAM) Virtual NASA Specialized Center of Research (VNSCOR) deliverable. The objective of this research is to provide recommendations for augmenting astronaut situation awareness (SA) and task performance through multimodal displays and communication pathways based on empirical evidence.

Aim 1: Integrate and extend existing capabilities at JPL and MIT into a testbed for examining information communication between human-autonomy teams.
Aim 2: Evaluate SA, trust, and task performance within a ground-based study with selected communication modalities and information displays.
Aim 3: (Option) Perform follow-up studies for additional parameters of interest. Option is communication timing and persistence of response within this ‘call-and-response’ framework to provide guidance on level of feedback required for maintaining procedures and performance.
Aim 4: (Option) Extend the ground-based study to a flight demonstration aboard the International Space Station (ISS).

Resources (Ground Analog)

Deliverables (1)

Spaceflight Habitability Acceptability Questionnaire (SHAQ) Development and Validation

Task Book: Entry Unavailable
Principal Investigator: Roma, Peter

Short Title: SHAQ Development and Validation

Responsible HRP Element: Human Factors and Behavioral Performance

Collaborating Org(s):

Funding Status: Active - Currently funded and in progress

Procurement Mechanism(s):

Directed

Aims:
This task is in response to an urgent need to develop and validate a Space Flight Habitability and Acceptability Questionnaire (SHAQ) to assess the behavioral health and performance impacts of volume, layout, and other design features of vehicles and habitats for long-duration exploration spaceflight and other operational environments.

Aim 1: Conduct a review to identify primary constructs and themes relevant to habitability effects on individual and team behavioral health and performance in operational environments.
Aim 2: Develop candidate questionnaire items based on the constructs and themes identified in the literature review and validated against coded videos from the ISS Habitability Study (PI: Greene) and in consultation with Subject Matter Experts.
Aim 3: Empirically assess the initial sensitivity, construct validity, divergent validity, and concurrent validity of SHAQ in HERA C5.
Aim 4: Refine SHAQ based on the results of the HERA validation study.
Aim 5: Draft a NASA Technical Report and/or manuscript for publication that (a) provides the results of SHAQ research and development efforts and (b) offers habitability recommendations for future deep space exploration missions.
Aim 6: Author a SHAQ User Guide for public dissemination providing details on administration, scoring, and data management and interpretation.

Resources (Ground Analog)

Deliverables (3)

Category: Risk Characterization, Quantification
Subcategory: Evidence or Risk Characterization

Description:
This task will provide evidence regarding changes in behavioral health and performance, relative to changes in habitable volume, layout, and design, in isolation and confinement. A final report will summarize findings from our experimental protocol in HERA.

Internal Customers:
Human Factors and Behavioral Performance
External Customers:
None Is a Customer-Supplier Agreement (CSA) Required? No

Category: Standard
Subcategory: Update

Description:
This task may result in information that could inform a standard in the NASA Habitability Standards 3001 Vol. 2. As an example, standards relative to private crew quarters may be informed in part by the results of this investigation. If applicable, we will update relevant standards.

Internal Customers:
Human Factors and Behavioral Performance
External Customers:
None Is a Customer-Supplier Agreement (CSA) Required? No

Category: Technology or Tool
Subcategory: Informatics

Description:
We will deliver the HERA validated Spaceflight Habitability Acceptability Questionnaire (SHAQ) along with an accompanying manual (outlining the psychometric properties of the measure along with considerations for format for delivery).

Internal Customers:
Human Factors and Behavioral Performance
External Customers:
None Is a Customer-Supplier Agreement (CSA) Required? No

Completed

Future Vehicle Environment (Research Requirements)

Task Book: Entry Unavailable
Principal Investigator: Flynn-Evans, Erin

Short Title: Future Vehicle Environment RR

Responsible HRP Element: Behavioral Health and Performance

Collaborating Org(s):

Funding Status: Completed - Task completed and produced a deliverable

Procurement Mechanism(s):

Directed

Aims:
The purpose of this task is to mine spaceflight data regarding habitability stressors and countermeasures, review existing literature, and conduct an operational assessment to inform future research needs and/or provide habitability-related recommendations for sleep in exploration.

This task will be conducted collaboratively with SHFH.

Resources (None Listed)

Deliverables (1)

Team NHV (Research Requirements)

Task Book: Entry Unavailable
Principal Investigator: Kearney, Anne

Short Title: Team NHV RR

Responsible HRP Element: Behavioral Health and Performance

Collaborating Org(s):

Funding Status: Completed - Task completed and produced a deliverable

Procurement Mechanism(s):

Directed

Aims:
1) Identify the potential impact of Net Habitable Volume (NHV) and NHV related issues on team functioning in long-duration spaceflight based on the extant literature.

2) Generate candidate NHV recommendations to ensure effective team functioning in long-duration spaceflight based on the extant literature.

Resources (None Listed)

Deliverables (2)

Category: Risk Characterization, Quantification
Subcategory: Evidence or Risk Characterization

Description:
Report identifying the potential impact of NHV and NHV related issues on team functioning in long-duration spaceflight based on the extant literature.

Internal Customers:
Behavioral Health and Performance
External Customers:
None Is a Customer-Supplier Agreement (CSA) Required? No

Category: Risk Characterization, Quantification
Subcategory: Evidence or Risk Characterization

Description:
Report on candidate NHV recommendations to ensure effective team functioning in long-duration spaceflight based on the extant literature.

Internal Customers:
Behavioral Health and Performance
External Customers:
None Is a Customer-Supplier Agreement (CSA) Required? No

Planned-Funded

HFBP Thresholds for Health & Operational Performance Permissible Outcome Limit (POL)

Task Book: Entry Unavailable
Principal Investigator: TBD

Short Title: HFBP Thresholds for POL

Responsible HRP Element: Human Factors and Behavioral Performance

Collaborating Org(s):

Funding Status: Planned-Funded - Task expected to be within budget

Procurement Mechanism(s):

Directed

Aims:

The objective is to use evidence-based thresholds of performance from standard measures in Behavioral Medicine, Team, and Human Factors, to inform acceptable ranges of performance, along with an integrated HFBP permissible outcome limit, for exploration. This effort will contribute to gap closure by providing a set of mission-acceptable thresholds of individual behavioral health and performance, and a set of measurable human factors standards for performance operation limits of crewmembers for exploration class missions.

Resources (Ground Analog)

Deliverables (2)

Category: Standard
Subcategory: New

Description:
Permissible Outcome Limit (POL) for HFBP

Internal Customers:
Human Factors and Behavioral Performance
External Customers:
Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer (OCHMO)
SMOD - Space Medicine Operations Division
Is a Customer-Supplier Agreement (CSA) Required? No

Category: Requirement
Subcategory: Guidelines/Criteria

Description:
Guidelines for Clinical Care

Documentation:

No Documentation Available

Related Gaps (15)

BMed-102: Given exposures to spaceflight hazards (space radiation, isolation), how do we identify individual susceptibility, monitor molecular/biomarkers and acceptable thresholds, and validate behavioral health and CNS/neurological/neuropsychological performance measures and domains of relevance to exploration class missions?

Common Item(s)
	HFBP Thresholds for Health & Operational Performance Permissible Outcome Limit (POL)

BMed-104: Given the potentially negative spaceflight associated CNS changes and behavioral experiences of stressors during long-duration missions (e.g., isolation, confinement, reduced sensory stimulation, altered gravity, space radiation), what are validated modifications to habitat/vehicle to mitigate stressors impacting on CNS / cognition / behavioral health?

Common Item(s)
	Future Vehicle Environment (Research Requirements)
	Spaceflight Habitability Acceptability Questionnaire (SHAQ) Development and Validation

BMed-105: Given the potentially negative spaceflight associated CNS/cognitive changes and behavioral experiences of stressors during long-duration missions (e.g., isolation, confinement, reduced sensory stimulation, altered gravity, space radiation), what are validated medical or dietary countermeasures to mitigate stressors impacting on CNS / cognition / behavioral health?

Common Item(s)
	Spaceflight Habitability Acceptability Questionnaire (SHAQ) Development and Validation

BMed-107: What are the long-term changes and risks to astronaut health post-mission that, when using a continuity of care model, helps retrospectively identify and understand individual susceptibility (e.g., hereditary, dose, thresholds) to mitigate adverse CNS, cognitive, and behavioral health changes resulting from long-duration exploration missions, promoting the behavioral health of current and future crews?

Common Item(s)
	HFBP Thresholds for Health & Operational Performance Permissible Outcome Limit (POL)

HSIA-101: We need to identify the Human Systems Integration (HSI) – relevant crew health and performance outcomes, measures, and metrics, needed to characterize and mitigate risk, for future exploration missions.

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Outcome Due to Inadequate Human Systems Integration Architecture
	HCAAM: Responsive multimodal human-automation communication for augmenting human situation awareness in nominal and off nominal scenarios
	HFBP Thresholds for Health & Operational Performance Permissible Outcome Limit (POL)
	Spaceflight Habitability Acceptability Questionnaire (SHAQ) Development and Validation

HSIA-201: We need to evaluate the demands of future exploration habitat/vehicle systems and mission scenarios (e.g. increased automation, multi-modal communication) on individuals and teams, and determine the risks these demands pose to crew health and performance.

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Outcome Due to Inadequate Human Systems Integration Architecture
	HCAAM: Responsive multimodal human-automation communication for augmenting human situation awareness in nominal and off nominal scenarios

HSIA-401: We need to determine how HSI can be applied in the vehicle/habitat and computer interface Design Phase to mitigate potential decrements in operationally-relevant performance (e.g. problem-solving, execution procedures), during increasingly earth-independent, future exploration missions (including in-mission and at landing).

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Outcome Due to Inadequate Human Systems Integration Architecture
	HCAAM: Responsive multimodal human-automation communication for augmenting human situation awareness in nominal and off nominal scenarios
	Spaceflight Habitability Acceptability Questionnaire (SHAQ) Development and Validation

HSIA-501: We need to determine how HSI will be used in the development of dynamic and adaptive mission procedures and processes, to mitigate individual and team performance decrements during increasingly earth-independent, future exploration missions (including in-mission and at landing).

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Outcome Due to Inadequate Human Systems Integration Architecture
	HCAAM: Responsive multimodal human-automation communication for augmenting human situation awareness in nominal and off nominal scenarios

HSIA-701: We need to determine how human-automation-robotic systems can be optimized for effective enhancement and monitoring of crew capabilities, health, and performance, during increasingly earth-independent, future exploration missions (including in-mission and at landing).

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Outcome Due to Inadequate Human Systems Integration Architecture
	HCAAM: Responsive multimodal human-automation communication for augmenting human situation awareness in nominal and off nominal scenarios

HSIA-801: Given each crewmember will experience multiple spaceflight hazards (e.g. radiation, isolation and confinement, altered gravity), we need to evaluate and identify how HSI can further characterize and/or mitigate additive and/or synergistic effects of the spaceflight environment, for increasingly earth-independent, future exploration missions (including in-mission and at landing).

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Outcome Due to Inadequate Human Systems Integration Architecture

HSIA-601: We need to determine individual and team-based Human System Integration (HSI) training procedures, regimens, and standards that are required pre- and in-mission, and post-landing to help reduce demands on crew (e.g., neurocognitive, time); support meaningful work during long-duration missions; and mitigate potential decrements in operationally-relevant performance (e.g., training retention, problem-solving, procedure execution) during increasingly earth-independent, future exploration missions.

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Outcome Due to Inadequate Human Systems Integration Architecture

OP-101: We do not understand the risk of injury associated with crewed vehicle landings and how this risk relates to the desired acceptable risk.

Common Item(s)
	HFBP Thresholds for Health & Operational Performance Permissible Outcome Limit (POL)

Team-101: We need to understand the key threats, indicators, and evolution of the team throughout its life cycle for shifting autonomy and interface with automation in increasingly earth independent, long duration exploration missions.

Common Item(s)
	Spaceflight Habitability Acceptability Questionnaire (SHAQ) Development and Validation
	Team NHV (Research Requirements)

Team-102: We need to identify a set of quantifiable and validated measures, based on 5-12 key indicators of mission-relevant and identified spaceflight acceptable thresholds (or ranges) of team function, to effectively monitor and measure team health and performance of integrated NASA and commercial/private crews, during shifting autonomy in increasingly earth independent, long duration exploration missions.

Common Item(s)
	HFBP Thresholds for Health & Operational Performance Permissible Outcome Limit (POL)

Team-105: We need to identify a set of countermeasures to support team function and enable multiple distributed teams to manage shifting levels of autonomy for all phases of increasingly earth independent, long duration exploration missions.

Common Item(s)
	Spaceflight Habitability Acceptability Questionnaire (SHAQ) Development and Validation

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PRRs (1)

NASA Developer: Daniel Febus Responsible NASA Official: Susan Torney Contact HRP for a 508 compliant PDF Budgets, Strategic Plans, and Accountability Reports Equal Employment Opportunity Data Posted Pursuant to the No Fear Act Information-Dissemination Policies and Inventories Freedom of Information Act President's Management Agenda Privacy Policy & Important Notices Inspector General Hotline Contact HRP Human Health and Performance DIR Johnson Space Center USA.gov ExpectMore.gov

Ground-Based Flight Analogs	Controlled Research Analog, Short Duration (2 months or less) – isolated and confined with spaceflight mission scenario [e.g., HERA, NEEMO]
Number of Subjects	16

Ground-Based Flight Analogs	Controlled Research Analog, Short Duration (2 months or less) – isolated and confined with spaceflight mission scenario [e.g., HERA, NEEMO]
Number of Subjects	16

Ground-Based Flight Analogs	Controlled Research Analog, Short Duration (2 months or less) – isolated and confined with spaceflight mission scenario [e.g., HERA, NEEMO]
Number of Subjects	32