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Gap Team-104: We need to identify validated ground-based and in-flight training methods for both preparatory and sustaining team function during shifting autonomy in increasingly earth independent, long duration exploration missions.
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Last Published:  07/30/21 01:05:31 PM (Central)
Responsible Element: Human Factors and Behavioral Performance (HFBP)
Status: Open
Description
In general, research shows that training teams in teamwork skills and to work as a unified team before, during, and after projects/missions significantly reduces team performance errors and increases team safety and team member health (accounting for as much as 50% of the outcomes). Both psychologically effective technical training and psychological training are necessary for a team’s/crew’s task performance and interpersonal performance. However, the correct content areas (or specific team skills), methods, and training sequences must be identified, tailored, and implemented according to a team’s specific operational context to ensure these results. Very little quantitative evidence exists to advise NASA on how to best train astronauts in teamwork and team skills in an increasingly earth independent, long duration exploration context (i.e., 6-12 months, >12 months). Further, existing crews for the ISS have continually expressed concern about not getting enough chances to learn to work together as a team prior to flight, despite training requirements generally taking up 90% of astronauts’ time over the course of their flight careers. NASA devotes considerable resources (crew time, cost) for both ground-based and in-flight training in preparing humans for long duration spaceflight. Therefore, any evidence that to make training more effective and efficient saves valuable resources for the organization (to include reduced time demands on the crew), as well as reduces team behavioral health and performance risk

Approach:
We will identify and develop a team training “toolbox” which will encompass the necessary validated set of team training content areas, methods and sequence for training materials. An exploration mission training needs analysis will inform the content areas and state-of-the art neuroscience-informed training methods that to prepare astronaut crews (teams) for long duration missions. The team training toolbox will use validated methods and measures conclusions/results from research results to determine the metrics used to quantify the completion of the gap, leading to Gap
Target for Closure

A set of validated (criterion-validity) related team training content areas, methods, and sequence. The validated team training content areas, methods, and sequence of training will have demonstrated predictive and criterion- reference validation, with demonstrated efficacy and efficiency that results in consistent, significant increase in performance proficiencies, team productivity, and greater cohesion; with concomitant reductions of performance errors, safety incidents or threats, and evidence of reduced interpersonal tension or conflict among teams who have been trained in these content areas.

Mappings
Risk Risk of Performance and Behavioral Health Decrements Due to Inadequate Cooperation, Coordination, Communication, and Psychosocial Adaptation within a Team
You are here! Gap Team-104: We need to identify validated ground-based and in-flight training methods for both preparatory and sustaining team function during shifting autonomy in increasingly earth independent, long duration exploration missions.
Active
Task Dynamic Team Role Allocation in Long Duration, Exploration Missions: Identification of Roles, Triggers, and Measurement Tools
Task Facilitating the Synergistic Side of Cultural Diversity in LDSE: Identification of Challenges and Development of Cultural Training
Task SCALE: Shared Cognitive Architectures for Long-term Exploration
Task Simulation-based Countermeasure Development to Mitigate Team and System Vulnerabilities During Medical Event Management on Long Duration Space Missions
Task Dyads and Triads at 140 Million Miles: Factors Affecting Interpersonal Relations in Long-Duration Spaceflight
Task Composing Teams with TEAMSTaR: Tool for Evaluating and Mitigating Space Team Risk
Completed
Completed Task Assessing the Impact of Communication Delay on Performance: An Examination of Autonomous Operations Utilizing the International Space Station
Completed Task CBS Operational Performance Measures
Completed Task Effects of Long-Duration Spaceflight on Training Retention
Completed Task Job Analysis
Completed Task Literature Review and Operational Assessment of Countermeasures Related to BHP
Completed Task Macrocognition in Teams: Examining and Developing Team Cognitive Processes and Products in the Context of Long Duration Exploration Missions
Completed Task Optimizing Crew Performance in Long Duration Space Exploration: Best Practices for Team Training and Cohesion Measurement
Completed Task Study of shifts in team shared mental models over long durations (Research Requirements)
Completed Task Training and Culture (Research Requirements)
Completed Task Training for Generalizable Skills & Knowledge: Integrating Principles and Procedures
Completed Task Training Needs Analysis
Planned-Funded
Task Astronaut performance standards
Task Deep Space Team Training
Task Individual and Team Problem-Solving Skills Training for Exploration Missions
Task In-Mission Training Methodologies
Task Pre-Mission Training Methodologies
Task Social, Family, and Behavioral Health Support NSCOR
Planned-Unfunded
Task Partnership with Dept of Defense to Inform Expeditionary Skills Training for Astronauts

Multi-Disciplinary Research Plans

Documentation:
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