HRR - Task - Nutritional Status Assessment: SMO-016E

Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in an Antarctic Ground Analog of Space Flight

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition

Vitamin D Supplementation in an Antarctic Ground Analog of Space Flight: Study of Supplementation Protocol and Relationship to Immune System Function

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition

Vitamin D Supplement Evaluation of Dosing Requirements

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition

Dietary Intake Can Predict and Protect Against Changes in Bone Metabolism During Space Flight and Recovery (Pro-K)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation
	N13: Can renal stone risk be decreased using nutritional countermeasures?
	N7.1: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for musculoskeletal health.

Characterization of Oxidative Damage During a Saturation Dive

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N4: Does mission architecture and/or available countermeasures impact nutritional status of crewmembers during spaceflight?
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?
	N7.2: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for cardiovascular health.
	N7.4: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for behavior and performance.

Vertebral Compression Fracture Assessment

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight

Feasibility Study: QCT Modality for Risk Surveillance of Bone - Effects of In-flight Countermeasures on Sub-regions of the Hip Bone

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight

Recovery of Musculoskeletal Quantity and Quality upon Multiple Microgravity Exposure

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Epidemiologic Analyses of Risk Factors for Bone Loss and Recovery Related to Long Duration Space Flight

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Contributors to Long-Term Recovery of Bone Strength following Exposure to Microgravity

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Rapid measurements of bone loss using tracer-less calcium isotope analysis of blood and urine

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Bisphosphonates as a Countermeasure to Space Flight Induced Bone Loss: SMO-021

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Risk of Intervertebral Disc Damage After Prolonged Spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

The impact of modeled microgravity and prior radiation exposure on cytomegalovirus reactivation and host immune evasion

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.

The Multisystem Effect of Exercise Training/Nutritional Support During Prolonged Bed Rest Deconditioning: An Integrative Approach to Countermeasure Development for the Heart, Lungs, Muscles and Bones (Integrative CM-Levine, Completed)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Microbial Risk Assessment and Integration

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

Immune Countermeasures Validation (Analog)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

Validation of Procedures for Monitoring Crewmember Immune Function (Integrated Immune - SMO 015/SDBI 1900) Completed

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.

Flight-Induced Changes in Immune Defenses-DSO 498

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.

Incidence of Latent Virus Shedding During Space Flight-DSO 493

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.

Space Flight-Induced Reactivation of Latent Epstein-Barr Virus

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.

Immune Function Changes During a Spaceflight-analog 12-day Undersea Mission (NEEMO IIH ROI)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

3D Tissue Analogs for the Study of Varicella-Zoster Virulence and Infectivity

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

Apoptosis and Immune Homeostasis During Hindlimb Unloading

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

Consequences of Long-term Confinement and Hypobaric Hypoxia on Immunity in the Antarctic Concordia Environment (CHOICE)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

Identification of cardiometabolic vulnerabilities caused by effects of synergistic stressors that are commonly encountered during space missions (Cardiometabolic Vulnerabilities-Shea, Active)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

LADTAG Lunar Dust Health Standard

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Data Mining for Incidence of Renal Stone Formation Following Spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation
	N13: Can renal stone risk be decreased using nutritional countermeasures?

Renal Stone Risk during Spaceflight: Assessment and Countermeasure Validation (Renal Stone - DSO 633)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation
	N13: Can renal stone risk be decreased using nutritional countermeasures?

Clearance of Particles Depositing in the Human Lung in Low-Gravity

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

DEFERRED: Validation of Exploration Atmosphere Prebreathe Protocol

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?

Integrated Resistance and Aerobic Training Study

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Monitoring Bone Health by Daily Load Stimulus Measurement during Lunar Missions

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

An Integrated Musculoskeletal Countermeasure Battery for Long-Duration Lunar Missions

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Integrated Nutrition: Development and Provision of Functional Foods to Mitigate Bone Loss on ISS Missions

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation
	N13: Can renal stone risk be decreased using nutritional countermeasures?
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N4: Does mission architecture and/or available countermeasures impact nutritional status of crewmembers during spaceflight?
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?
	N7.1: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for musculoskeletal health.
	N7.2: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for cardiovascular health.
	N7.3: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for ocular health.
	N7.4: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for behavior and performance.
	N7.5: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for immune health.

Monitoring of Bone Loss Biomarkers in Human Sweat: A Non-Invasive, Time Efficient Means of Monitoring Bone Resorption Markers under Micro and Partial Gravity Loading Conditions

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Space Radiation and Bone Loss: Lunar Outpost Mission Critical Scenarios and Countermeasures

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Maintaining Musculoskeletal Health in the Lunar Environment

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Ultrasound Fracture Diagnosis in Space

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Combined Scanning Confocal Ultrasound Diagnostic and Treatment System for Bone Quality Assessment and Fracture Healing

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Reusable Handheld Electrolytes and Lab Technology for Humans

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Pilot Studies of Radiation Damage in Organ Tissues of Mice

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Sonographic Astronaut Vertebral Examination

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Retrospective Study of Serum Sclerostin Measurements in Bedrest Subjects

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Pharmaceutical Countermeasure Effects on Tissue-level Quality of Immobilized Bone

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Simulated Microgravity and Radiation-Induced Bone Degeneration: Oxidative Stress- and p53-Dependent Mechanisms

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

The Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Microgravity on Salivary Markers of Innate Immunity

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.

Development of Capability to Monitor and Treat Disease Caused by Dust Exposure During Exploration Missions

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Integrated Medical Model - Renal Stone Module

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Immune Countermeasures Validation - Flight

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

Evaluate Energy Expenditure During Long-duration (>3mo) Missions.

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation
	N13: Can renal stone risk be decreased using nutritional countermeasures?
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N4: Does mission architecture and/or available countermeasures impact nutritional status of crewmembers during spaceflight?
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?
	N7.1: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for musculoskeletal health.
	N7.2: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for cardiovascular health.
	N7.4: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for behavior and performance.
	N7.5: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for immune health.

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N4: Does mission architecture and/or available countermeasures impact nutritional status of crewmembers during spaceflight?
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?
	N7.1: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for musculoskeletal health.
	N7.4: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for behavior and performance.

Defining the relationship between biomarkers of oxidative and inflammatory stress and atherosclerosis risk in astronauts during and after long-duration spaceflight (Cardio Ox-Platts, Active)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.2: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for cardiovascular health.

Simulated space radiation and weightlessness: vascular-bone coupling mechanisms to preserve skeletal health

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Evaluation of the combined effects of gamma radiation and high dietary iron on oxidative damage and antioxidant status in rats

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?

Evaluation of the effect of short duration spaceflight on hepatic nutrition, oxidative damage, and colon microflora

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?

Examination of Splenic and Thymic Immune Function in Mice (STS-135 Mouse Tissue Sharing Pilot Study)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.

Evaluation of the combined effects of gamma radiation and high dietary iron on oxidative damage and antioxidant status in rats (Immune Assessment)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

Effects of high dietary heme iron and radiation on cardiovascular function (Radiation/Iron, CVD-Westby, Completed)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?
	N7.2: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for cardiovascular health.

Bone Turnover Model: Initial Implementation

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Evaluation of a sclerostin antibody in mice as a novel promoter of bone formation during spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Induction of Early Stages of Osteoarthritis After Exposure to Microgravity (NSBRI Postdoctoral Fellowship)

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Contribution of the Vestibular and Sympathetic Nervous Systems to Space-Induced Bone Loss (NSBRI Postdoctoral Fellowship)

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Developing a new bone medical standard for long-duration astronauts based on bone strength estimated by Finite Element [FE] Modeling

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight

Increasing the Efficiency of Exercise Countermeasures for Bone Loss

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Nutritional countermeasures to ameliorate losses in muscle mass and function

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.1: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for musculoskeletal health.

A Low Intensity Mechanical Countermeasure to Prohibit Osteoporosis in Astronauts During Long-Term Spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Bed Rest and Immunity

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

A Scanning Confocal Acoustic Diagnostic System for Non-Invasively Assessing Bone Quality

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Examination of Anti-Resorptive and Anabolic Treatments/Stimuli on Unloading Induced Osteoporosis

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Bone Recovery Potential After Bisphosphonate and PTH Treatment of Disuse Osteoporosis

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Data mining activities for Bone Discipline

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Retention of Skeletal, Musculature, and Postural Status with a Non-invasive, Extremely Low-level Mechanical Signal: A Ground-based Evaluation of Efficacy

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Risk of visual impairment and intracranial hypertension after space flight: Evaluation of the role of polymorphism of enzymes involved in one-carbon metabolism [ONE-CARBON METABOLISM/SMITH/COMPLETED]

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.3: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for ocular health.

Clinical Immunology Study - European Collaboration

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

Concordia: D, Immune and Metabolism

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.5: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for immune health.

Space Biochemistry Profile

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.
	N13: Can renal stone risk be decreased using nutritional countermeasures?
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N3.3: We need to determine changes in nutritional status due to spaceflight.
	N4: Does mission architecture and/or available countermeasures impact nutritional status of crewmembers during spaceflight?
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?
	N7.1: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for musculoskeletal health.
	N7.2: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for cardiovascular health.
	N7.3: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for ocular health.
	N7.4: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for behavior and performance.
	N7.5: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for immune health.
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N4: Does mission architecture and/or available countermeasures impact nutritional status of crewmembers during spaceflight?
	N7.4: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for behavior and performance.
	N7.5: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for immune health.

Nutrition/Pharm Interactions

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N4: Does mission architecture and/or available countermeasures impact nutritional status of crewmembers during spaceflight?

Stable Calcium Isotopes in Urine as a Biomarker of Bone Mineral Balance in Spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.1: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for musculoskeletal health.
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Integrative physiology of VIIP: cardiopulmonary, sleep, and cognitive function assessment during hypercapnic bed rest [Thirty-day CO2 Bedrest/LAURIE/ACTIVE]

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.3: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for ocular health.

Novel Double-Hit Mouse Model to Investigate Oxidative Damage from Radiation/ Hyperoxia Related to Space Exploration - Evaluation of Dietary Flaxseed as Countermeasure

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Integrated Resistance and Aerobic Exercise Training with Small Compact Exercise Equipment

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Astronaut Bone Medical Standards Derived from Finite Element [FE] Modeling of QCT Scans from Populations Studies

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Digital Astronaut: Bone Remodeling Model

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Lab Analysis Point-of-Care Device Evaluation and Downselect

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Functional immune alterations, latent Herpesvirus reactivation, physiological stress and clinical incidence onboard the International Space Station

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Data Mining for Bone Research and Clinical Advisory Panel (RCAP)

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Immune Clinical Correlations

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

Prevention of Renal Stone Complications in Space Exploration

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Portable Quantitative Ultrasound with DXA/QCT and FEA Integration for Human Longitudinal Critical Bone Quality Assessment

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Assessing Telomere Lengths and Telomerase Activity in Astronauts

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.

Can Benefits from a Single Administration of Bisphosphonates Extend to a Second Later Exposure to Microgravity?

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Effects of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors on Bone Turnover

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

(NEEMO Nut ROI) Oxidative Damage During a 12-day Saturation Dive

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?

Vertebral strength and fracture risk following long duration spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight

Monitoring the Cellular Immunity by in vitro Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay on ISS

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.

Biochemical Occupational Surveillance

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation
	N13: Can renal stone risk be decreased using nutritional countermeasures?
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N4: Does mission architecture and/or available countermeasures impact nutritional status of crewmembers during spaceflight?
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?
	N7.1: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for musculoskeletal health.
	N7.2: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for cardiovascular health.
	N7.3: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for ocular health.
	N7.4: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for behavior and performance.
	N7.5: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for immune health.

Optimal Nutrition Occupational Surveillance

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation
	N13: Can renal stone risk be decreased using nutritional countermeasures?
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N4: Does mission architecture and/or available countermeasures impact nutritional status of crewmembers during spaceflight?
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?
	N7.1: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for musculoskeletal health.
	N7.2: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for cardiovascular health.
	N7.3: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for ocular health.
	N7.4: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for behavior and performance.
	N7.5: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for immune health.

Skeletal Responses to Long-Duration Simulated Microgravity in Male and Female Rats

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Spinal Structure and Function after 90 Days Long-Duration Simulated Space Flight and Recovery

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Sclerostin's role in regulating bone formation during long-term simulated microgravity and subsequent recovery

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Assessment of Structural and Functional Knee Joint Degradation During Modeled Spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Effect of Unloading on the Structure and Mechanics of Rotator Cuff Tendon-to-Bone Insertion

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Deep Space Exploration Atmosphere Effects on Hematologic, Immunologic, and Oxidative Stress and Damage Parameters in Astronauts: An ISS Flight Study

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?

Combined Effects of Space Radiation and Microgravity on the Function of Human Capillaries and the Endothelial Barrier: Implications for Degenerative Disorders

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

Astronaut Bone Medical Standards Derived from Finite Element (FE) Modeling of QCT Scans from Population Studies and Astronauts (Phase II)

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Consequences of longterm-confinement and hypobaric hypoxia on immunity in the Antarctic Concordia Environment: from observations to mechanisms

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

Evaluation of an Impedance Threshold Device as a Vision Impairment and Intracranial Pressure (VIIP) Countermeasure [IMPEDANCE THRESHOLD COUNTERMEASURE/EBERT/ACTIVE]

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.3: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for ocular health.

The Integrated Impact of Diet on Human Immune Response, the Gut Microbiota, and Nutritional Status During Adaptation to Spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.5: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for immune health.

Improving Kidney Stone Detection in Space Analogs

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Wearable, Sustained Acoustic Medicine for Back Pain

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

Flexible Ultrasound System for Quantitative Diagnosis and Therapeutic Ultrasound

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

VIIP and One-Carbon Metabolism: Expanded Polymorphism Evaluation and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pilot Study [1C-PCOS/SMITH/ACTIVE]

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.3: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for ocular health.

Effects of space flights on the proteome of astronauts' plasma (Rithidech) functional immune

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

DNA damage in the ISS astronaut's lymphocytes and their association with stress-induced immune dysfunction (Honglu Wu) Functional immune

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

The impact of an ISS mission on the anti-viral and functional properties of NK-cells, T-cells, B-cells and dendritic cells (Simpson) Functional immune

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM2: It is necessary to define a flight standard related to spaceflight-associated immune system dysregulation.
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

Omics and biochemical markers of cardiovascular and bone health: Relationship with bedrest and standard physiological measures

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Identification of functional metabolomic alterations during the simulated spaceflight environment. (Rana)

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

Candidate nutritional countermeasure to mitigate adverse effects of spaceflight (Schreurs)

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.1: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for musculoskeletal health.
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

An Integrated Framework for Characterization of the Noncoding Genome and Epigenome in Astronauts (Mason)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N6: What impact does the spaceflight environment have on oxidative damage?

The impact of long duration spaceflight on the function of B-cells and biomarkers of inflammation (Spielmann)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.

Assessment of Normoxic Coastal Antarctic Winterover as an Analog for Spaceflight Immune Dysregulation

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

Mitigating radiation-induced bone loss via dietary modulation of inflammatory cytokines (Bloomfield)

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Musculoskeletal response to a partial-gravity analog in rats: structural, functional and molecular alterations

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.
	Osteo 7: We need to identify options for mitigating early onset osteoporosis before, during and after spaceflight.

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.
	N7.3: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for ocular health.
	N7.5: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for immune health.

Spaceflight-Induced Changes in Microbial Virulence and the Impact to the Host Immune Response

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM1: We do not know to what extent spaceflight alters various aspects of human immunity during spaceflight missions up to 6 months.
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

2020 Cross-Species Rodent ISS Study: CVD/late CNS Clinical Model #1 (chronic study)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.
	N15: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for oxidative damage during spaceflight.

Renal Stone Management Technology Development and Clinical Validation Study

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Renal Stone Formation

CBS VNSCOR #1: Responses of the Nervous System to Chronic, Low Dose Charged Particle Irradiation

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

BioNutritional Countermeasures Data Mining

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.4: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for behavior and performance.

Identification, Development, and Validation of Countermeasures to Counter Synergistic Effects of Space Radiation on CNS/BMed/SM (CBS) Risk Areas (NRA)

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.4: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for behavior and performance.

Pilot Assessment of Stress and Latent Herpesvirus Reactivation at Palmer, Antarctica - Platform for Validation of Immune Countermeasures?

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

[SMT] Exploration Food System Program Evaluation

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition

Varicella Zoster virus shedding after antiviral drug (Valacyclovir) treatment in Antarctic expeditioners

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response

EVALUATING RESISTIVE EXERCISE AS A LONG-TERM COUNTERMEASURE FOR SPACEFLIGHT-INDUCED BONE LOSS USING CALCIUM ISOTOPES

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 5: We need an inflight capability to monitor bone turnover and bone mass changes during spaceflight.

CBS VNSCOR #2: Oxidative stress and the neuroconsequences of spaceflight environment - Immune dysregulation and antioxidant dietary countermeasure efficacy

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

CBS VNSCOR #2: Probing the synergistic effects of radiation, altered gravity and stress on behavioral cognitive and sensorimotor functions to predict performance decrement in astronauts

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

Temporal changes in astronauts muscle and cardiorespiratory physiology pre, during, and post spaceflight

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Inadequate Nutrition
	N7.1: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for musculoskeletal health.
	N7.2: We need to identify the most important nutritional factors for cardiovascular health.

CBS VNSCOR #2: Impact of inflight stress and sleep disturbances on brain function, neural communication and inflammation

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

Variation in CNS damage signaling and blood sentinels of neuropathology after exposure to space radiation.

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.

Dose-Response Study of Musculoskeletal Outcomes Following Centrifugation in Adult Mice on ISS

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Time Course of Spaceflight-Induced Adaptations in Bone Morphology, Bone Strength and Muscle Quality

Common Item(s)
	Risk Of Early Onset Osteoporosis Due To Spaceflight
	Osteo 4: We don't know the contribution of each risk factor on bone loss and recovery of bone strength, and which factors are the best targets for countermeasure application.

Astrocytes as key mediators of central nervous system responses to space radiation

Common Item(s)
	Risk of Adverse Health Event Due to Altered Immune Response
	IM8: We do not know the influence, direct, or synergistic, on the immune system of other physiological changes associated with spaceflight.